Substance profile
Aniline
Aniline is an oily liquid; colorless when freshly distilled, darkens on exposure to air and light with a hedonic tone; pungent odor.
01 · Identification
What Aniline is
Aniline is an oily liquid; colorless when freshly distilled, darkens on exposure to air and light with a hedonic tone; pungent odor. Its molecular formula is C6H7N and its molecular weight is 93.13 g/mol. It boils at 184 °C, melts at -6 °C.
Under the GHS it carries the signal word Danger. It is classed as hazardous Air Pollutants (HAPs).
Other names for Aniline
- aminobenzene
- phenylamine
- Aminophen
- Aniline (And Homologs)
- Aniline Oil
- Aniline Oil, Liquid
- Anyvim
- Arylamine
- Benzenamine
- Benzene, Amino
- Benzene, Amino-
- Benzidam
- Blue Oil
- C.I. 76000
02 · GHS classification
Hazards and label elements
Harmonised classification under CLP Annex VI. This is the legally binding classification in the EU; other jurisdictions may differ.
| Code | Hazard statement |
|---|---|
| H351 | Suspected of causing cancer <state route of exposure if it is conclusively proven that no other routes of exposure cause the hazard>. |
| H341 | Suspected of causing genetic defects <state route of exposure if it is conclusively proven that no other routes of exposure cause the hazard>. |
| H331 | Toxic if inhaled. |
| H311 | Toxic in contact with skin. |
| H301 | Toxic if swallowed. |
| H372 | Causes damage to organs <or state all organs affected, if known> through prolonged or repeated exposure <state route of exposure if it is conclusively proven that no other routes of exposure cause the hazard>. |
| H318 | Causes serious eye damage. |
| H317 | May cause an allergic skin reaction. |
| H400 | Very toxic to aquatic life. |
Precautionary statements: P201, P260, P261, P270, P271, P272, P273, P280, P301, P302, P304, P305, P308, P310, P313, P314, P330, P333, P338, P352, P391, P501
03 · Physical and chemical properties
Aniline properties
Every value is shown with the conditions it was measured under and the source it came from. Where sources disagree, all values are listed rather than one being picked — the difference is usually a different form of the substance, not an error.
| Property | Value | Conditions | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| Boiling point | 184.1 °C (363.4 °F) | HSDB | |
| 183.89 °C (363 °F) | NIOSH | ||
| 184 °C (363.2 °F) | ICSC | ||
| Melting point | -6 °C (21.2 °F) | HSDB | |
| -6.11 °C (21 °F) | NIOSH | ||
| Density | 1.02 g/cm³ | NIOSH | |
| 1.0217 g/cm³ | at 20 °C | HSDB | |
| 1.022 g/cm³ | at 20 °C | CAMEO | |
| Solubility | One gram dissolves in 28.6 mL water, 15.7 mL boiling water | HSDB | |
| In water, 36,000 mg/L at 25 °C | at 25 °C | HSDB | |
| 3.5 parts/100 parts water at 25 °C; 6.4 parts/100 parts water at 90 °C | at 25 °C | HSDB | |
| Vapor pressure | 0.6 mmHg | NIOSH | |
| 0.667 mmHg | at 25 °C | HSDB | |
| 0.67 mmHg | at 25 °C | CAMEO | |
| Flash point | 70 °C (158 °F) | HSDB | |
| 76.11 °C (169 °F) | HSDB | ||
| Autoignition temperature | 615 °C (1139 °F) | HSDB | |
| 630 °C (1166 °F) | ICSC | ||
| Lower explosive limit (LEL) | 1.3 % by volume | HSDB | |
| Upper explosive limit (UEL) | 11 % by volume | HSDB | |
| 22.5 % by volume | CAMEO | ||
| Vapor density | 3.3 (air = 1) | HSDB | |
| 3.22 (air = 1) | CAMEO | ||
| 3.2 (air = 1) | ICSC | ||
| Odor threshold | Human odor perception: Nonperception: 0.34 mg/cu m, Perception: 0.37 mg/cu m | HSDB | |
| 0.58 - 10 ppm | HSDB | ||
| Critical temperature and pressure | 430.85 °C (807.5 °F) | HSDB | |
| 425.61 °C (798.1 °F) | HSDB |
Values compiled from PubChem Laboratory Chemical Safety Summary. Temperatures converted to Fahrenheit for reference.
04 · Source notes
Further notes on Aniline
These are descriptions rather than measured values, so they are kept out of the table above and quoted here with the source that reported them.
Odor
Its aromatic or fishy odor can generally be perceived at 1 ppm which is below established occupational safety limits (OSHA PEL-TWA is 5 ppm), and thus, odor usually provides an adequate indication of hazardous concentrations.
Source: HSDB
05 · Handling and storage
Storing and handling Aniline
Storage conditions
Keep container tightly closed in a dry and well-ventilated place. Containers which are opened must be carefully resealed and kept upright to prevent leakage.
Source: Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
Incompatible materials
Incompatible materials: Oxidizing agents, iron and iron salts, zinc.
Source: Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
Planning storage for a mix of chemicals? Check Aniline in the storage compatibility matrix →
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