Substance profile
1,1-Dimethylhydrazine
1,1-Dimethylhydrazine is a clear, colorless liquid with characteristic ammonia like fishy odor of aliphatic hydrazines.
01 · Identification
What 1,1-Dimethylhydrazine is
1,1-Dimethylhydrazine is a clear, colorless liquid with characteristic ammonia like fishy odor of aliphatic hydrazines. Its molecular formula is C2H8N2 and its molecular weight is 60.1 g/mol. It boils at 63.9 °C, melts at -58 °C.
Under the GHS it carries the signal word Danger. It is classed as hazardous Air Pollutants (HAPs).
Other names for 1,1-Dimethylhydrazine
- N,N-dimethylhydrazine
02 · GHS classification
Hazards and label elements
Harmonised classification under CLP Annex VI. This is the legally binding classification in the EU; other jurisdictions may differ.
| Code | Hazard statement |
|---|---|
| H225 | Highly flammable liquid and vapour. |
| H350 | May cause cancer <state route of exposure if it is conclusively proven that no other routes of exposure cause the hazard>. |
| H331 | Toxic if inhaled. |
| H301 | Toxic if swallowed. |
| H314 | Causes severe skin burns and eye damage. |
| H411 | Toxic to aquatic life with long lasting effects. |
Precautionary statements: P201, P210, P233, P241, P242, P260, P270, P271, P273, P280, P301, P304, P308, P310, P313, P330, P331, P391, P403, P501
03 · Physical and chemical properties
1,1-Dimethylhydrazine properties
Every value is shown with the conditions it was measured under and the source it came from. Where sources disagree, all values are listed rather than one being picked — the difference is usually a different form of the substance, not an error.
| Property | Value | Conditions | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| Boiling point | 63.9 °C (147 °F) | at 760 mmHg | HSDB |
| 63.89 °C (147 °F) | NIOSH | ||
| 63.89 °C (147 °F) | at 760 mmHg | CAMEO | |
| Melting point | -58 °C (-72.4 °F) | HSDB | |
| -57.78 °C (-72 °F) | NIOSH | ||
| Density | 0.79 g/cm³ | NIOSH | |
| 0.7914 g/cm³ | at 22 °C | CAMEO | |
| 0.782 g/cm³ | at 25 °C | HSDB | |
| Solubility | Very sol in methanol and ethanol | HSDB | |
| >10% in water | HSDB | ||
| Decomposes (NTP, 1992) | decomposes | CAMEO | |
| Vapor pressure | 103 mmHg | NIOSH | |
| 167 mmHg | at 25 °C | HSDB | |
| 157 mmHg | at 25 °C | CAMEO | |
| Flash point | -15 °C (5 °F) | closed cup | HSDB |
| -15 °C (5 °F) | NIOSH | ||
| Autoignition temperature | 249 °C (480.2 °F) | HSDB | |
| 248.89 °C (480 °F) | CAMEO | ||
| Lower explosive limit (LEL) | 2 % by volume | HSDB | |
| Upper explosive limit (UEL) | 95 % by volume | HSDB | |
| Vapor density | 1.94 (air = 1) | HSDB | |
| 2.1 (air = 1) | ICSC | ||
| Odor threshold | 12.0 mg/cu m (low); 20.0 mg/cu m (high) | HSDB | |
| Sharp, ammonia-like odor. Odor threshold: 0.3, 11.7, and 6-14 ppm. | HSDB | ||
| Critical temperature and pressure | 250 °C (482 °F) | HSDB | |
| Corrosivity | Highly corrosive. | HSDB |
Values compiled from PubChem Laboratory Chemical Safety Summary. Temperatures converted to Fahrenheit for reference.
04 · Source notes
Further notes on 1,1-Dimethylhydrazine
These are descriptions rather than measured values, so they are kept out of the table above and quoted here with the source that reported them.
Odor
The warning properties (irritation & odor) of the hydrazines are probably sufficient to prevent acute poisoning from short exposures. However, in view of the chronic toxicity properties, the warning properties should not be considered adequate for prolonged exposures. /Hydrazines/
Source: HSDB
05 · Handling and storage
Storing and handling 1,1-Dimethylhydrazine
Storage conditions
PRECAUTIONS FOR "CARCINOGENS": Storage site should be as close as practicable to lab in which carcinogens are to be used, so that only small quantities required for ... expt need to be carried. Carcinogens should be kept in only one section of cupboard, an explosion proof refrigerator or freezer (depending on chemicophysical properties ...) that bears appropriate label. An inventory ... should be kept, showing quantity of carcinogen & date it was acquired ... Facilities for dispensing ... should be contiguous to storage area. /Chemical Carcinogens/
Source: Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
Incompatible materials
Contact of dicyanofurazan, or its N-oxide (dicyanofuroxan), with ... dimethylhydrazine ... is instantaneously explosive.
Source: Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
Reactivity
1,1-DIMETHYLHYDRAZINE is a powerful reducing agent. Ignition can occur on contact with oxidizing agents such hydrogen peroxide and fuming nitric acid [Haz. Chem. Data(1966)]. Also reacts as a base to neutralize acids in exothermic reactions.
Source: CAMEO Chemicals
Planning storage for a mix of chemicals? Check 1,1-Dimethylhydrazine in the storage compatibility matrix →