Substance profile
Ammonium Chloride
Ammonium Chloride is colorless crystals or crystalline masses, or white, granular powder and is odorless.
01 · Identification
What Ammonium Chloride is
Ammonium Chloride is colorless crystals or crystalline masses, or white, granular powder and is odorless. Its molecular formula is ClH4N and its molecular weight is 53.49 g/mol. It boils at 520 °C, melts at 338 °C.
Under the GHS it carries the signal word Warning.
02 · GHS classification
Hazards and label elements
Harmonised classification under CLP Annex VI. This is the legally binding classification in the EU; other jurisdictions may differ.
| Code | Hazard statement |
|---|---|
| H302 | Harmful if swallowed. |
| H319 | Causes serious eye irritation. |
Precautionary statements: P264, P270, P280, P301, P305, P312, P313, P330, P337, P338
03 · Physical and chemical properties
Ammonium Chloride properties
Every value is shown with the conditions it was measured under and the source it came from. Where sources disagree, all values are listed rather than one being picked — the difference is usually a different form of the substance, not an error.
| Property | Value | Conditions | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| Boiling point | 520 °C (968 °F) | ICSC | |
| 338 °C (640.4 °F) | sublimes, sublimes | HSDB | |
| Sublimes | sublimes | NIOSH | |
| Melting point | 338 °C (640.4 °F) | DOE PAC | |
| 350 °C (662 °F) | sublimes | NIOSH | |
| Density | 1.519 g/cm³ | HSDB | |
| 1.53 g/cm³ | NIOSH | ||
| 1.53 g/cm³ | at 20 °C | CAMEO | |
| Solubility | Almost insoluble in acetone, ether, ethyl acetate; soluble in alcohol | HSDB | |
| In water, 39.5 g/100 g water at 25 °C | at 25 °C | HSDB | |
| Strongly endothermic; sublimes without melting; somewhat hygroscopic; tendency to cake; hydrochloric acid and sodium chloride decrease solubility in water | sublimes | HSDB | |
| Vapor pressure | 0.0075 mmHg | at 91 °C | HSDB |
| 1 mmHg | at 160.56 °C | NIOSH | |
| Lower explosive limit (LEL) | Not flammable | HSDB | |
| Noncombustible Solid | NIOSH | ||
| Critical temperature and pressure | 881.85 °C (1619.3 °F) | HSDB | |
| Corrosivity | At fire temp corrodes metals | HSDB |
Values compiled from PubChem Laboratory Chemical Safety Summary. Temperatures converted to Fahrenheit for reference.
04 · Handling and storage
Storing and handling Ammonium Chloride
Storage conditions
Keep container tightly closed in a dry and well-ventilated place. Hygroscopic.
Source: Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
Incompatible materials
Incompatible materials: Strong acids, strong bases, strong oxidizing agents.
Source: Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
Reactivity
Acidic salts, such as AMMONIUM CHLORIDE, are generally soluble in water. The resulting solutions contain moderate concentrations of hydrogen ions and have pH's of less than 7.0. They react as acids to neutralize bases. These neutralizations generate heat, but less or far less than is generated by neutralization of inorganic acids, inorganic oxoacids, and carboxylic acid. They usually do not react as either oxidizing agents or reducing agents but such behavior is not impossible. Many of these compounds catalyze organic reactions.
Source: CAMEO Chemicals
Planning storage for a mix of chemicals? Check Ammonium Chloride in the storage compatibility matrix →